8.0 HARVESTING EQUIPMENT
8.1SELF-
PROPELLED VERTICAL CONVEYOR
REAPER
Features:
It consists of crop row divider, star wheel, cutter bar, and a pair of
lugged canvas conveyor belts and a handle fitted with clutch and
brakes. This type of machines cut the crops and conveys it vertically
to one end and windrows the crops on the ground uniformly. Collection
of crop for making bundles is easy and it is done manually.
Self-propelled walking type, self-propelled riding type and tractor
mounted type vertical conveyor reaper are also available. These types
of reapers are suitable for crops like wheat and rice. In this reaper
there is no shattering of the crop. |
Specification:
Dimensions (l x w x h), (mm) : 2570 x 1850 x
1250
Weight (kg) :
85
Number crop dividers : 6
Type of cutting unit :
Cutter bar with serrated V-shaped blades
Power source :
8-10 hp
Capacity (ha/h) :
0.20-0.40
Power Requirement(hp/kW)
: 5/3.75, engine |
Uses:
It
is used for harvesting of wheat and rice crop. |
Cost (Rs) : 1,00,000 |
8.2
TRACTOR MOUNTED VERTICAL CONVEYOR REAPER
Features:
The machine consists of a 76 mm pitch reciprocating cutter bar
assembly, seven crop row dividers, two vertical conveyor belts fitted
with lugs, pressures springs, pulleys and gearbox for the power
transmission system. The crop row dividers are fitted in front of the
cutter bar assembly and the star wheels are mounted over the crop row
dividers. The machine is mounted in front of the tractor and the power
to the machine is given from tractor PTO with the help of intermediate
shaft running beneath the chassis of the tractor and a coupling shaft.
Height of the machine above ground is controlled by tractor hydraulic
with the help of pulleys and steel ropes. After the crop is cut by the
cutter bar, it is held in a vertical position and delivered to one
side of the machine by lugged belt conveyors and fall on the ground in
the form of a windrow perpendicular to the direction of movement of
machine. |
Specification:
Suitability :
Wheat & Paddy
Overall dimensions (mm) : 2380x990x560
(LxWxH)
Weight (kg) : 180
Working width (mm) : 2200
Capacity (ha/h) : 0.3-0.4
Power Requirement(hp/kW) : 25/17.5 tractor
|
Uses:
Useful for harvesting of wheat and paddy. Use of these does not result
in shattering losses. |
Cost (Rs) : 50,000 |
8.3
SELF PROPELLED RIDING TYPE REAPER |
|
Features:
The riding type vertical conveyor reaper is a self-propelled unit in
which the operator rides on the machine. Drive is given by means of
two large pneumatic wheels and steering is by rear idlers. The prime
mover is a 6 hp/4.5 kW diesel engine. Convenient clutch, break,
steering, hydraulic system and simple power transmission are provided
for ease of operation. It consists of crop row divider, star wheel
cutter bar (76.2
mm),
conveyor belt and wire spring etc. This reaper has two forward and one
reverse speed. |
Specifications:
Length
(mm)
Width
(mm)
Height
(mm)
Weight
(kg)
Operating speed (km/h)
Total
grain losses (%)
Field
capacity (ha/h)
Fuel
consumption (l)
Field
efficiency (%)
Labour
requirement (man-h/ha)
Power
requirement(hp/kW) |
:
3185
:
1900
:
1450
:
1530
:
3.0-3.5
:
5.0-5.9
:
0.25-0.30
:
0.90-1.15
:
60-70
:
5-6
:
6/4.5 |
Uses:
It is suitable for harvesting rice, wheat, soybean and other cereals
and oilseed crops.
Cost of Machine : Rs.1,20,000/- |
8.4
SELF- PROPELLED REAPER BINDER
Features:
It consists of a frame, cutter bar, handles fitted with clutch and
brakes, seat for the driver, two drive wheels, one wheel below
the seat for steering, crop gathering unit and twine. The cutting unit
of this type of reapers may be disc type or cutter bar type. After
cutting, the crop is conveyed vertically to the binding mechanism
where it is tied by the twine and released to the ground in the form
of bundles. Self-propelled walking type models are available but these
are not popular due to high cost of twine. Reaper binders are suitable
for rice and wheat. |
Specification:
Overall dimensions(mm) : 3600×1850×1200
Cutting width (mm) : 1220
Cutting height (mm) : 50 – 70
Rope requirement : 1 spool/acre
Fuel consumption(l/h) : 1
Working Capacity(ha/h) : 0.4
Power Requirement (hp/kW) : 10.2/7.5, Air-cooled,
Diesel engine. |
Uses:
Harvesting and binding of grain crops is done in single operation. It
is useful for harvesting Wheat, Paddy, Oats, Barley and other grain
crops having height upto 85 to 110 cm. |
Cost (Rs) : 2,50,000 |
8.5 SELF -PROPELLED COMBINE HARVESTER
Features:
Various designs of combine harvester having 2 to 6 m long cutter bar
are commercially available. The function of a combine harvester is to
cut, thresh, winnow and clean grain/seed. It consists of header unit,
threshing unit, separation unit, cleaning unit and grain collection
unit. The function of the header is to cut and gather the crop and
deliver it to the threshing cylinder. The reel pushes the straw back
on to the platform while the cutter bar cuts it. The crops are
threshed between cylinder and concave due to impact and rubbing
action. The threshed material is shaken and tossed back by the straw
rack so that the grain moves and falls through the openings in the
rack onto the cleaning shoe while the straw is discharged at the rear.
The cleaning mechanism consists of two sieves and a fan. The grain is
conveyed with a conveyor and collected in a grain tank. |
|
Specification:
Suitability :
Wheat and Paddy
Overall dimensions (mm) : 816x465x382
(LxWxH)
Working width (mm) : 4313
Capacity (ha/hr) :
0.8-1.0 (wheat)& 0.6 (paddy)
Power Source (hp/kW) : 105/78.75,
engine |
|
Uses:
Useful for harvesting, threshing and loading of wheat and paddy crop
simultaneously. |
|
Cost (Rs) : 14,00,000 |
|
8.6 SUGARCANE HARVESTER |
|
Features:
It is a chopper harvester with a cleaning system. This harvester is
used to cut green cane (with leaves). It can cut one/two rows of cane
at a time. The cane is fed between the crop dividers and is cut at
the root zone by base cutter blades. The cane is then fed through the
roller train and is cut by the chopper drums into small cane pieces of
24.5 to
30 cm.
It is then cleaned in the primary extractor before being conveyed on
the elevator. It is then cleaned again with the secondary extractor
and loaded onto a vehicle for transportation. In ideal conditions, the
harvester can cut nearly 400 tonnes of sugarcane per day.
Specification: |
|
Transmission |
: Two hydrostatic pumps
providing variable speed
(Wheel machine: 0 to 24.6
km/h) (Track machine: 0 to
9.0 km/h) |
Tyres
|
: Front 14x17.5 - 14 Ply, Rear 23.5x25 – 20 Ply |
Tracks |
: Sealed track chains |
Primary Extractor
|
: Polyethylene plastic
152 cm |
Hood
rotation
|
: Hydraulically controlled |
Elevator |
: Loading to either side |
Overall dimension (l x w x h) (m) |
: 15.14 x 2.50 x 6.23 |
Engine Power(hp/kW) |
: 337/252.75 |
|
Uses:
It is
used for harvesting sugarcane. It de-tops the cane from the top, cuts
it from the base, strips the cane and cuts it into billets and also
removes the trash and simultaneously loads the cut billet into the
trolley moving by its side.
Approx. Cost of Machine : Rs.105 lakh/- |
8.7 COTTON PICKER |
|
Features:
Cotton picker machines, often called spindle-type harvesters, remove
the cotton from open bolls and leave the bur on the plant. The
spindles, which rotate on their axes at high speeds, are attached to a
drum that also turns, causing the spindles to penetrate the plants.
The cotton fibers are wrapped around the moistened spindles and then
removed by a special device called a doffer; the cotton is then
delivered to a large basket carried above the machine.
Specifications:
Forward
Speed(km/h) : 2.92- 5.0
Effective Field Capacity (ha/day) : 2.24- 4.4
Machine
picking efficiency (%) : 75 – 95
Fuel
consumption( lit/h) : 22
Uses:
Picking of Cotton from the cotton balls. It is available in two
designs namely, spindle type or pneumatic type.
Cost: Rs 1,20,000-1,25,000 |
8.8
STRAW BALER
|
Features:
The tractor PTO operated machine consists of reel type straw pick up
assembly, and straw compaction and tying units. It automatically picks
up the residue straw from the field with the help of reel which is
transferred into bale chamber with the help of feeder and then straw
is compressed with the reciprocating ram into a compact variable
length size. It also automatically ties the knots using metal wire or
nylon rope. |
|
Specification:
Length (mm)
: 5550
Width (mm)
: 2600
Height (mm)
: 1950
Width of pick up reel (mm) :
1540
Number of knitters
: 2
Cross section of the bale chamber (mm) : 400 X 460
Twine box capacity
: Four spools
No. of plunger strokes per min : 75 at 2000
engine rpm
Plunger stroke length (mm) :
764
Wheel tread (mm)
: 2100
Flywheel diameter (mm) :
560
Power Requirement(hp/kW) :
35/26.25, tractor or above |
|
Uses:
Straw balers are used for bailing of straw into bales of rectangular
cross section. |
|
Cost (Rs) : 8,00,000 |
|
8.9
STRAW REAPER/STRAW COMBINE
Features:
Straw combine is pulled by tractor and operated by tractor PTO. It has
cutter bar reel, feeding auger and bruising cylinder like a
traditional thresher. Straw thrown and stubble left by the grain
combine is collected by straw combine and delivered to the cylinder
concave section, where it is cut into pieces and passed through the
concave. A reciprocating cutter bar is used for reaping the standing
stubbles and the portion of the straw left uncut by the combine
harvester. Straw, which passes through the concave, is aspirated by a
blower and fed into a trolley on rear side covered by a wire net. For
recovering the left grains from the straw, a sieve system is provided
below the concave. |
Specification:
Suitability :
Wheat
Overall dimensions (mm) :
4680x1600x1970
(LxWxH)
Cutterbar width (mm) : 2000
Threshing cylinder : Cutter
blade mounted on cylinder
Capacity (ha/hr) : 0.5
Straw recovery (%) : 55-60
Grain recovery (kg/ha) : 30
Power Requirement(hp/kW) : 35/26.25, tractor |
Uses:
To recover straw after harvesting by Combine and also recovers
about 50 kg grain |
Cost (Rs) : 1,00,000 |
8.10
SHRUB MASTER
Features:
It consists of cutting blades (swinging flails) fixed to the rotating
bar, gear box for transmission of power at right angle, universal
joints with telescopic shaft to connect the tractor PTO and gearbox,
adjustable side skids for controlling cutting height of shrubs or
grass, safety guard and hitching frame. It is operated by tractor PTO.
The bar having cutting blades fixed at the ends is mounted on the
gearbox shaft. Thus, the vertical shaft of the gearbox provides rotary
motion to the bar. The cutting blades mounted on the bar swing open to
the cutting position due to centrifugal force as the bar rotates in
the horizontal plane. The cutting takes place purely through impact
and flails need not be sharp-edged. The blades are made of medium
carbon steel or alloy steel and hardened. |
Specification:
Overall dimension(mm) : 2000×1660×1000
No's of Blades : 2
Cutting width : 1600 mm
Total weight : 350 kg
Power drive : PTO
operated
Power Requirement (hp/kW) : 25/17.5 or above
tractor. |
Uses:
It is used for the clearance of shrubs, monsoon growth in forests,
fields, verges, helipads and general clearance of grasses in fields. |
Cost (Rs) : 40,000 |
|